There are significant differences between brass and copper in terms of hardness and strength, and these differences arise mainly from their alloy composition and microstructure.
The following is a comparison of brass and purple copper in terms of hardness and strength:
Brass:
Higher hardness and strength: Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc, usually containing small amounts of other elements such as lead and iron, etc. The addition of these elements improves the hardness and strength of brass.
Effect of Zinc Content: The higher the zinc content in brass, the higher its hardness and strength usually are. For example, brass with a zinc content of 37% (known as navy brass) has higher hardness and strength than brass with a lower zinc content.
Work hardening: brass is susceptible to work hardening during processing, i.e. its hardness and strength can be further increased by cold working (e.g. rolling, drawing).
Copper:
Lower hardness and strength: Purple copper is high-purity copper (usually 99.9% or more pure) and contains no other alloying elements, so its hardness and strength are relatively low.
Good ductility: Although copper violet has low hardness and strength, it has good ductility and can be stretched into very fine wire or calendered into very thin sheets.
Ease of machining: The ductility and lower hardness of copper violet makes it easy to machine and mold, making it suitable for applications requiring fine finishing.
Comparison:
HARDNESS: Brass is typically harder than copper, making it better suited for applications requiring higher resistance to wear and deformation.
Strength: Brass is also typically stronger than copper, especially if it contains a higher zinc content. The high strength of brass makes it suitable for parts subjected to high mechanical loads.
Machinability: Due to its lower hardness and good ductility, purple brass is easier to machine and mold, making it suitable for applications that require fine machining.
When selecting brass or bronze, their hardness and strength characteristics need to be considered in light of the specific requirements of the application. For example, if an application requires high wear resistance and resistance to deformation, brass may be a better choice, while if an application requires good machinability and electrical conductivity, violet brass may be more suitable.